tư bản cố định
Definition
- Noun (Economics):
- Fixed capital: The portion of capital invested in long-term physical assets such as factories, machinery, tools, and buildings. These assets are not consumed in a single production cycle but are used repeatedly over a relatively long period. They retain their inherent form and use-value throughout the production process, transferring their value to the product gradually through depreciation.
Usage Examples
- Noun:
- Việc đầu tư vào tư bản cố định như máy móc mới là rất quan trọng cho sự tăng trưởng dài hạn của doanh nghiệp. (Investment in fixed capital such as new machinery is crucial for the long-term growth of an enterprise.)
- Nhà máy và thiết bị là những ví dụ điển hình của tư bản cố định. (Factories and equipment are typical examples of fixed capital.)
- Khấu hao là phương pháp phân bổ giá trị của tư bản cố định vào chi phí sản xuất. (Depreciation is the method of allocating the value of fixed capital to production costs.)
Advanced Usage
- In macroeconomic analysis, "tư bản cố định" is a key component for calculating a nation's capital stock and productive capacity.
- The concept contrasts with "tư bản lưu động" (circulating or working capital), which is used for short-term expenses like raw materials and wages.
Variants and Related Words
- Vốn cố định: A more general, synonymous term for fixed capital/fixed assets, often used in business and accounting contexts.
- Tài sản cố định: Fixed assets. This is the common accounting term for the assets that constitute fixed capital.
- Đầu tư cố định: Fixed investment, referring to the act of investing in fixed capital.
Synonyms
- Fixed assets: Long-term tangible assets used in business operations.
- Capital goods: Goods that are used in producing other goods, synonymous with the physical forms of fixed capital.
- Plant and equipment: A common phrase referring to major components of fixed capital.
Related Economic Concepts
- Khấu hao tư bản cố định (Depreciation of fixed capital): The process by which the value of fixed capital declines due to wear, tear, and obsolescence.
- Tích lũy tư bản cố định (Accumulation of fixed capital): The process of increasing the stock of fixed capital through investment.